Linux Ask! is a Q & A web site specific for Linux related questions. Questions are collected, answered and audited by experienced Linux users.
Change the access file name (i.e. .htaccess) in Apache
Answer:
If you have not set the AllowOverride to None in your Apache's configuration, Apache will read the file .htaccess on every request. If you want to use a file name other than .htaccess, you can set using the AccessFileName directive
AccessFileName .acl
Then Apache will read the file .acl instead, remember to restart your Apache to take effect.
Display the top 10 processes used up the most of the memory
Answer:
The following command display the most top 10 processes used up the most of the memory in your Linux system.
Example:
# ps aux | sort -nk +4 | tail
www-data 27972 0.0 2.8 253896 14916 ? S 13:10 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 27725 0.0 2.9 254028 15572 ? S 12:52 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 27912 0.0 2.9 253896 15660 ? S 13:06 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 27946 0.0 2.9 253764 15492 ? S 13:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
root 2710 0.0 3.1 252996 16444 ? Ss Dec08 1:20 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 27885 0.0 3.4 253508 18152 ? S 13:05 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 27892 0.1 6.7 261748 35472 ? S 13:06 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 27975 0.3 7.0 263036 37128 ? S 13:10 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 27964 0.7 8.2 268532 43452 ? S 13:09 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
mysql 2480 0.4 8.7 223920 46096 ? Sl Dec08 21:07 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Since the apache2 was configured to run in the prefork mode, so you see multiple apache processes there.
Check the number of active Apache connection
Answer:
When your Apache server is overloaded, you might want to check how many active connections are there.
# netstat -anpt|grep apache2 |grep ESTABLISHED
Replace apache2 with httpd if you are using CentOS/Fedora/RHEL.
Check which Apache modules are loaded
Answer:
To check which Apache modules are loaded, in RHEL/Fedora/CentOS, type
# httpd -M
In Debian/Ubuntu
# sudo apache2ctl -M
How to deny access for Subversion (svn) related files in Apache?
Answer:
To deny access for Subversion (svn) related files under Apache, add the following lines to the Apache configuration (httpd.conf)
<DirectoryMatch .*\.svn/.*>
Deny From All
</DirectoryMatch>
And restart Apache to take effect.
# apachectl -k graceful
